The processing of kaolin ore depends on the nature of the ore and the end use of the product. There are two processes used in industrial production: dry process and wet process. Usually, hard kaolin is produced by dry process, and soft kaolin is produced by wet process.

Dry beneficiation process

The dry process is a simple and economical process. The produced ore is crushed to 25.4mm by a hammer crusher and fed into the cage crusher to reduce the particle size to 6.35mm. The hot air in the cage crusher reduces the moisture of the kaolin from 20% of the produced water. About 10%. The crushed ore is further ground by a blown Raymond mill equipped with a centrifugal separator and a cyclone. This process removes most of the sand and the product is commonly used in low-cost fillers in the rubber, plastics and paper industries. When used in the paper industry, the product can be used as a filler in the filler layer with an ash content of less than 10% or 12%. At this time, the brightness of the product is not high.

When the dry method requires high whiteness and the like, the product produced by Raymond mill must be subjected to dry iron removal. The dry process has the advantages of eliminating the product dehydration and dry process, reducing the loss of ash powder, short process flow, low production cost, and is suitable for drought and water shortage areas. However, in order to obtain high-purity high-quality kaolin, it is necessary to rely on the wet process.

Wet beneficiation process

The wet process includes three stages: ore preparation, beneficiation processing and product processing.

The preparation phase includes operations such as batching, crushing and mashing. The mash is to mix the kaolin ore with water and dispersant in the pulverizer. The mashing operation can disperse the ore. Prepare the appropriate fine kaolin slurry for the sorting operation, and remove the large sand at the same time.

The beneficiation stage may include hydraulic grading, flotation, selective flocculation, magnetic separation, chemical treatment (bleaching), etc. to remove different impurities.

The prepared slurry is firstly removed by a sputum washing tank, a float classifier or a cyclone, and then divided into two parts by a continuous centrifuge, a hydrocyclone, a hydraulic sorter or a vibrating fine screen (325 mesh). Two grades of thickness.

Characteristics of kaolin mineral processing technology

1 The raw ore mined from the mine is coarsely selected on site, and a large amount of tailings are discarded in the mine. This not only solves the filling of the goaf, but also reduces the stockpiling and transportation of the ore in the ore dressing plant. Concentrates of each roughing plant;

2 Pipeline transportation is generally used between mines and selected plants. Since 1939, kaolin slurry has been transported by pipeline;

3 high-concentration pulping, adding dispersing agent to the pulp during the sorting process, adding flocculating agent during the dehydration process, and the filter press or vacuum filter product can be sold as a product without drying;

4 In addition to the hydrocyclone classification, the beneficiation operation also adopts centrifugal classifier, sand mill, high gradient magnetic separator and flotation machine to improve product fineness and reduce impurities such as iron, titanium and sulfur.

5 The chemical bleaching process is commonly used in major kaolin producing countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and the former Soviet Union to produce high-whiteness kaolin products, but the cost is high;

6 Gaoling products are sold in bulk, coarse powder, fine powder and paste form. The manufacturer supplies different products according to the requirements of the users. There are many types of drying equipment for the products, but the most applications are spray drying, because the cost is relatively low;

7 Concentrators not only have large production capacity, but also many varieties, and are standardized products. Can meet the needs of different users. China Kaolin Company has four major categories and 34 varieties. These products are widely used in paper fillers and coatings, ceramic industry raw materials, rubber and plastic fillers and reinforcing agents, white cement oil felts, roofing coatings and waterproofing agents, glass fiber ingredients, ink pigments, cosmetics and soaps. Fillers, carriers of pesticides and fertilizers, binders for abrasive materials, synthetic molecular sieves, petroleum catalysts, atomic energy reactors, etc.

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