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The application field has been continuously expanded In recent years, the non-metallic mineral industry in various countries in the world has developed rapidly. The data shows that in the 30 years after the 20th century, the global total output value of non-metallic minerals has exceeded 150 billion US dollars, and the growth rate is more than 50% every 10 years, which greatly exceeds the 12% growth rate of metal minerals and fuel minerals in the same period.
Non-metallic mineral products are indispensable raw materials for the development of various industrial sectors of the national economy. With the advancement of science and technology, non-metallic minerals rely on their unique physical and chemical properties to determine their irreplaceable role in the development and utilization of energy-saving, environmental protection and efficient products. It is not only used in traditional industries such as machinery and building materials, but also attracts increasing attention in high-tech fields such as microelectronics industry, materials science and national defense science and technology, and has broad prospects for development. The rational development and use of non-metallic mineral resources has become a common concern of all countries.
What is particularly worth mentioning is that some non-metallic minerals also have important strategic value and even concern national security. The United States, Japan, and other developed countries have also established strategic reserves for some non-metallic minerals. It is understood that the United States has classified industrial minerals such as diamonds, fluorspar, graphite, amaranth minerals, flaky mica, talc and pyrophyllite as strategic mineral reserves. Among them, pyrophyllite and amaranthite minerals are important refractory and metallurgical materials, industrial diamond is abrasive, mica is an electrical insulating material, and talc is an important raw material for rubber and papermaking. They are all important industrial sectors such as metallurgy, electrics, and automobiles. The basic raw materials, fluorspar and graphite are directly related to the defense technology, and once the shortage will endanger the national security.
The industry still needs to explore in depth In recent years, China's non-metallic mineral industry has developed rapidly, but the overall level is not high. There is a large gap between developed countries and developed countries. The main reason is that the industrial structure is not yet reasonable. The main mining and rough processing are the main products; the technical equipment is relatively backward, the product technology content and added value are low; the number of enterprises is large, the scale is small, independent innovation poor ability. At the same time, it is also faced with common problems such as the lack of scientific guidance for mineral development and supervision according to law, serious destruction of resources, and outstanding environmental issues.
According to statistics, in 2005 China's export of non-metallic mineral products was 3.55 billion U.S. dollars, mainly raw ore products and rough-processed products. Therefore, although China is a large exporter of non-metallic mineral products, it is still a non-powerful country, and some of its superior products lack the right to speak on price in the international market.
Take China's advantage of non-metallic mineral products such as graphite, whether it is China's resource reserves, or output and export volume are in an advantageous position in the international market, has always been an important producer and supplier of international graphite market. However, high-tech graphite products are still dominated by advanced countries such as Japan, Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
Look at another kind of fluorite of our country, in 1994, China began to invite tender bids for export quotas for fluorite, and strictly control the total export volume. However, at the same time, the export volume of hydrofluoric acid has increased significantly. Especially since 2002, the annual increase in hydrofluoric acid exports has reached 55%. Industry insiders pointed out that this is a fluorite resource that is “outflow†in disguise and should be given enough attention by relevant departments. The reporter learned from the interview that at present, there has been an overcapacity situation in hydrofluoric acid in China, and the profit rate of hydrofluoric acid produced by enterprises is even lower than the profit rate of selling fluorite ore.
China's export of non-metallic mineral products can't focus on the immediate interests, aiming at primary processed products, otherwise we will pay a heavy price for this.
Achieving Sustainable Development The total amount of non-metallic mineral resources in China is relatively abundant, but there are few large-scale and high-quality mineral resources, and the per capita possession of resources is still less than half of the world average. With the continuous increase of production, the phenomena of random mining and drastic reduction of reserves have become increasingly prominent. In particular, some advantageous mineral resources are “shrinkingâ€.
To save energy and resources and protect the ecological environment as an entry point, actively promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure is one of the major tasks of China's economic work this year. In order to improve the ability of resources to ensure the sustainable development of the economy, the healthy development of China's non-metallic minerals industry must be prepared ahead of time.
Senior experts, relevant responsible persons of government departments and corporate representatives put forward many suggestions for promoting the healthy development of non-metallic minerals industry: conduct a new round of potential assessment for non-metallic mineral resources, scientifically plan resources, and take necessary measures to ensure the comprehensiveness of resources. Develop and use rationally, strive to increase the utilization rate of resources, avoid the extensive operating mode of waste of resources, and follow the “resource-saving†development path.
Further adjust the industrial structure, increase the research and development of deep processing products, and accelerate the pace of scale and industrialization. Continuously expand the application of non-metallic minerals, in particular to strengthen the basic research on the characteristics of non-metallic minerals, development, design and production of new functional materials, structural materials.
We must give full play to the role of superior mineral resources. Controlling the total amount of mining and export volume, strengthening the price discourse of China's superior mineral resources in the international market, and truly making "resource advantage" an "economic advantage."
With the globalization of the mining market, Chinese enterprises should make full use of domestic and international resources and two markets, implement global resource strategies, expand the use of mineral resources, and ensure the supply of mineral resources.
China is one of the countries in the world that has a large amount of non-metallic mineral resources and complete mines. After the reform and opening up, China's non-metallic minerals industry has made considerable progress. In 1993, the value of non-metallic minerals in China exceeded the value of metal minerals. Non-metallic minerals, metal minerals, and fuel minerals are listed as the three major mineral resources, which are of equally important strategic significance to the development of the national economy. However, due to the wide variety of non-metallic minerals and scattered industries, unlike the steel, coal, and oil, which are large and attractive, the non-metallic mineral industry in China has been “quietly growing†and has not received due attention and attention. The industry urges that the healthy development of the non-metallic mineral industry must be given sufficient attention so as to fully display its "advantage of later development."