According to the business process, the general intelligent manufacturing points: management layer, executive layer, control layer and physical layer (device layer), some enterprises add a decision layer before the management layer, add a sensing layer after the physical layer, this is A system project combining virtual and real, that is, CPS system.
The physical layer is the process of adding value to the production process, which is the starting point and destination of a corporate activity. It is the unit of social material production products. It is also a huge system, such as machinery manufacturing including blanks (casting, forging, welding, etc.). ), processing (cutting, forming, heat treatment, etc.), assembly and commissioning, painting, testing, packaging and other manufacturing processes. The sensing layer is to collect all kinds of information in these production processes in real time. The so-called sources of various data forms are abstracted into human, machine, material, law, ring, measurement and water, electricity, wind, steam and information transmission (wired Or wireless) storage networks, the interconnection between them is not solved, and digitalization and networking are finally impossible to develop into intelligent manufacturing.
At present, China's manufacturing industry, especially the equipment manufacturing industry, has unbalanced and inadequate development characteristics. Its corporate structure and level have physical layers of industry 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 abound. According to the author's investigation of nearly one hundred equipment manufacturing enterprises in recent years, the bottleneck of implementing so-called intelligent manufacturing is in the interconnection and data collection of physical layer equipment. Of course, there are a number of advanced large and medium-sized enterprises. Lean production and punctual management are better. They have reasonable business and process flow, and have advanced production equipment and high numerical control rate. Therefore, these enterprises are digital and networked. And the pioneers of intelligent manufacturing in the future, but also need a lot of process of exploring and accumulating data and practical experience, and then can reach the stage of flexibility, customization and visualization.
The key link is that there are different versions of communication protocols for transmitting data information in various control systems. For example, FANAC, Mitsubishi, Siemens, Heidenheim, etc., which are commonly used in machine tool numerical control systems, have Huazhong CNC, Guangzhou CNC, Guangyang, and Gaojing. , Kanedi, Weihong, fine carving and other systems; drive and sub-servo motor system, stepper motor system, etc.; Fieldbus (Fiel dbus) also has different versions, PROFIBUS, MODBUS, CAN, EtherCAT, etc., how to pass data Different versions of the agreement, can be compatible with each other, upload and release? Many units use software packages or stand-alone modules, such as Japan's Mazak called Smart-Box, Koyo called MCU, sinking machine i5 and ISESOL system called i-Box, which is called intelligent gateway. Therefore, each enterprise can form its own unique information management system and unified interfaces and protocols, which is an important part of the intelligent manufacturing information architecture.
Digital, network and intelligent (hereinafter referred to as “three-way”) manufacturing is to describe and optimize the production of all elements in the manufacturing process, so that equipment manufacturing achieves the goal of “quality first, efficiency first”. Enterprises increase market competitiveness and sustainable development capabilities. The author found several difficulties in the investigation:
First, there are two phenomena that are ubiquitous. One is to cringe, and believes that the implementation of the "three-oriented" process requires a large amount of funds to transform the production links of the physical layer. The other is for "three transformations." The "three-oriented" seems to be a bit like the "face project". If you don't engage in "three-way", you will not be valued by your superiors and peers. The author believes that it is unreasonable and uneconomical to use the "input-output" economic theory to study and implement the "three-oriented". If there is only input, there is no output or little output.
Second, it is to do a good job of scientific production management. That is, lean production (LP) and just-in-time management (JIS) have little to do with not doing “three-oriented”. This is indispensable for improving the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises; on the other hand, LP and JIS are doing well, It is much easier to engage in "three modernizations". The management layer (PLM, ERP), execution layer (MES, etc.) and control layer in the so-called “three-in-one” can form a so-called virtual factory (or workshop) to optimize the combination of production factors and business processes, and then the data obtained by optimization. Control the various equipment of the physical layer, which is the "mapping" between the virtual and physical production processes. After multiple PDCA mappings, the more optimized business processes can be obtained. The authenticity and comprehensiveness of the data in this process is very important.
Third, the key is data collection, transmission, screening and modeling. There are many types of data, including data on production, management, quality, capital, equipment and other production factors, and data such as user and product user needs are collected to form so-called strip data and block data (two-dimensional). Real-time data is used for optimization and prediction. Without data, there is no “three-way”. Therefore, the database for creating multiple data is the first.

Enlightenment from the implementation of "three modernizations" in Shandong Lingong and other enterprises (1) Shandong temporary labor cases and enlightenment Do not regard the "three transformations" of enterprises as "high on the" technology, if the employees of enterprises do not understand the meaning and purpose of "three transformations" What is the significance of engaging in "three transformations"? The experience of Shandong Lingong Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. (referred to as Shandong Lingong) has a great inspiration to the author. The guiding ideology of their business is “one full (full participation), two creations (management innovation, technological innovation), and three combinations (cadres, technicians and employees). The author once said that this is the "Angang Constitution" in the new era. In the past, the development of Shandong Linggong was based on this method. Nowadays, enterprises are engaged in the "three-in-one" (or two-in-one integration) approach. In February 2017, the author wrote an article titled "Industrial 2.0 Supplementary Course, Industry 3.0 Comprehensive Promotion, Industry 4.0 Testing Water-Shandong Lingong Entrepreneurship Innovation Investigation", with the author writing on May 28, 2015. "Recommended a good article - Shandong Lingong "one full two innovation three combination" innovation management model exploration and practice. The author understands that Shandong Lingong introduced digital technology such as CAD in the early 1990s; in 2007, it introduced VOLVO's lean production and punctual management methods, and the introduction period was from 2008 to 2009; in 2010, visual management was started, and CI was established. The group promoted standardization operations in 2013. There are 22 modules. In this process, all staff training is carried out in batches to improve the understanding and business level of employees. Because the business process of the company involves the responsibilities of each employee, without the conscious participation of all employees, even the best technology and management model can not play an ideal role, which is to achieve the "three transformations" or "two integrations" A solid foundation. Therefore, Shandong Lingong has designed a complete information architecture and interface, including management layer, executive layer and control layer, based on the past informationization, using German SAP management software and its own application software. In the physical layer, the execution layer and the control layer are not identical because of the nature of the workshop and the process flow. The author inspected several workshops, including structural welding workshops, hydraulic parts workshops, assembly workshops, logistics, etc. Many of the equipment in the physical layer were designed and manufactured by the three-in-one group, because they are familiar with the process and they will use it in the future. Therefore, as long as the interface is unified, a unified protocol can be used. Some use wired communication, and some of them, such as assembly workshops, use wireless communication, and can be scanned by smart phones at any time to know which process a certain product is going to. Really realized the "three-oriented" model of joint business, joint construction, and sharing, and combined the "high-level" technology with all employees, and their experience deserves attention. Due to the early attention of Shandong Lingong, the construction machinery products, such as excavators, loaders and road machinery, are equipped with GPS positioning systems, which can be remotely monitored and collected for use by users. The situation and the working condition data at the time of operation can not only carry out the health check and guide maintenance service of the in-service products, but also obtain the quality, reliability and availability of the equipment products fed back by the end users in time through the “good driver” activity among the users. A lot of useful information, such as ease of use, lay the foundation for continuous improvement of products, manufacturing processes, supply chain optimization, etc. This is the best path for PDCA to improve quality and efficiency after repeated cycles. Similarly, using big data to forecast the demand for various construction machinery in the market, Shandong Lingong also conducted research in this area.
In the past few years, the construction machinery market was in a difficult situation. Shandong Lingong insisted on “focusing on industry, focusing on the main business, and continuously reforming the supply side” to continuously promote the “three-oriented” project. Unlike some construction machinery companies, they have implemented development strategies such as “cross-industry development”, “diversified development” and “deviating from reality” in order to obtain “getting out of trouble” or increase “volume” and “scale”. What is the result? In 2017, there is an answer. According to the statistics of a certain media, the per capita operating income is the labor productivity. In the statistics of the top nine construction machinery enterprises in the industry, Shandong Lingong is 1.757 million yuan (2015), and 1.822 million yuan. (2016), 3,155,800 yuan (2017), ranking first among 9 companies. From the vertical ratio, Shandong Lingong's labor productivity in 2017 has doubled from 2015; from horizontal ratio, 2017 per capita labor productivity is The ninth company is 1.7 times; of course, the taxes and profits handed over to the country have increased accordingly. It takes a long time for enterprises to promote "three transformations" or "two integrations". It is not a one-time process. It requires unified planning and implementation in stages and steps. As new technologies, especially information technology, are still developing at a high speed, enterprises must also modify and optimize the “three-oriented” development plan in a timely manner after implementing a certain stage, and then continue to implement them in stages and steps. In short, the first is easy, the problem is oriented, the external force is used, and the ability is cultivated. This can see the results, encourage the morale of all employees, and adhere to the road of "three transformations" and "two integrations" that suits the situation of their own enterprises.
A good company needs to have a good leadership and a collective. To have a strong executive organization, you need an information technology team that is familiar with hardware and software. From the perspective of optimizing business processes, the scientific division of personnel work and its responsibilities involved in all aspects, that is, the adjustment of interests between departments and individuals. In short, without optimizing business processes and LP and JIS management models, “three-way” or “two-in-one integration” is impossible or has no significant effect. This point has not been valued by some corporate leaders and relevant departments. It is easy to slip smart manufacturing into misunderstandings. This is dangerous and half the effort.
(II) Changshu Switch and other enterprise cases and enlightenment Changshu Switch Manufacturing Co., Ltd., which manufactures circuit breakers, was still in a small factory facing bankruptcy in the last century. Tang Chunchao, who was appointed as the director of the crisis, was determined to borrow millions of yuan. CAD product design. He knows that without high-level products, enterprises can't live. High-level products need high-level design methods, so they do it in a piece of opposition and begin to embark on the path of integration. Comrade Wang Chunhua, the second-generation leading leader of the second generation, took over in 2011, and went on to carry out the "two integrations" and intelligent manufacturing. It has been more than 25 years. Phased out all aspects of business processes, from sales, planning, production, quality, maintenance, logistics, procurement, warehousing, energy and other nearly 30 business segments, to optimize information, it is under an optimized structure, there are Steps, in stages, have a lot of data. In the past two years, when I went to investigate the Changshu switch database, the storage capacity was close to 80T. Nowadays, employees are not used to it without information technology.
Others such as Nanjing Kangni Electromechanical Co., Ltd., Xiamen Hongsheng Sound Co., Ltd., Shandong Wendeng Tianrun Crankshaft Co., Ltd., Chongqing Mengxun Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Times Group and other enterprises have engaged in "two integrations" Thirty years ago, I have formed my own information management system. Without sustained determination, it is impossible to achieve such great success. Therefore, engaging in "three-oriented" will always be on the road, and it will change with the changes in product upgrading, enterprise management, and international business development.

The equipment industry in the "three transformations" is the equipment industry to provide equipment for the manufacturing industry in all walks of life. Its quality, performance and efficiency determine the level and efficiency of these manufacturing industries. This is everyone's consensus. Therefore, the level of “three transformations” in the equipment industry is even more important. The "three-in-one" of the equipment industry includes the "three-oriented" control of products, the "three-oriented" management of the manufacturing process, and the "three-oriented" service of the user's in-service product operation and maintenance.
If the products provided by the equipment industry and the production line have a high level of “three”, the user's production process, that is, the physical layer interconnection of the users, can be easily realized. The "three-in-one" of equipment products, that is, the use of digital, networked, and intelligent control is an upgraded version of the integration of modern mechanical equipment (mechanical) electric (sub) instruments (sensors). In the early 1950s, digital control machine tools appeared in the United States, which opened the door to digital control. It has an epoch-making significance. Later, semiconductor technology emerged, and analog computers transitioned to digital computers. In 1971, Intel made a 4-bit small-scale integrated circuit, which is another qualitative leap. Up to now, LSI and VLSI have developed into 64-bit industrialized chips, and ultra-large-scale integrated circuits with a line width of 10 nanometers. In the 1970s, PLCs could replace hardware control with hardware and software, which greatly promoted the development of software. In addition to the general-purpose chip, there are also a large variety of dedicated chips, which has made the development of the equipment industry even more powerful. The emergence of digital computers has also greatly improved the product and management level of the machinery industry.
When I went to the Cincinnati Machine Tool Plant in the United States in the late 1970s, their products were mainly for the mass production of the automotive industry and the small-volume and multi-variety production of aviation products. Boeing and McDonnell Aircraft Manufacturing Company provided CNC and other gold cutting machine tools. Management has used the computer, the factory is scheduled to sell, according to the order to arrange half-year, three-month rough plan, one-month fine plan, one-day or one-day execution plan, rolling correction, probably now called APS system. At that time, it was not online, but a batch (can be half a day or a day). In 1978, the author transferred from the factory to the former Ministry of Machinery Industry. At that time, the chief engineer of the Department of Machinery, Tao Hengxian, invited two professors from RWTH Achen University to prepare a large number of workshops at the 1A62 workshop of Shenyang No.1 Machine Tool Plant. And the medium-sized lathe batch production workshop for computer management pilot. The author accompanied the two professors to the original Shenyi machine inspection. At that time, the leaders of the factory were not familiar with computer management. In addition to the technical exchanges in the class, they went to the two workshops for detailed inspection. The two professors reviewed the work orders, work tickets, Two days after the inspection, the two professors suggested that the data was incomplete, some of the data were untrue, and the process was unreasonable. The leaders of the two workshops could not even tell the data, and the cooperation stopped. This shows that China's best machine tool factory at that time was one of the 156 aid projects in the former Soviet Union. This is still the case. Other machine tool factories may be similar.
In addition, the second phase of Baosteel introduced the German 2050 plate hot rolling mill and controlled it with three levels of computers. There are 11 racks, 4 rough rolling stands and 7 finishing stands, all using hydraulic servo pressing devices. computer control. Through the second phase of Baosteel, China has mastered computer-controlled metallurgical equipment such as hot rolling, cold rolling, continuous casting and rolling. It not only improves the technical level of Baosteel Phase II, but also provides convenient conditions for the interconnection and interoperability of Baosteel's entity informationization underlying equipment.
Last year, the author went to CITIC Heavy Industry again for more than ten years to study, and the face was new, especially the complete technical equipment of the complete set of mines. According to the different needs of the users, various crushing and ball milling equipments were arranged. According to the data obtained from the experiment using the process laboratory, the equipment selection is carried out, using digital and networked control. This is actually a customized complete set of mining equipment, providing users with equipment and information management called “smart mine”. system.
Other high-end products such as turbo compressors in the general machinery industry, the author in the Xi'an Shaanxi drum group's central control room saw the operating conditions of the products in service at home and abroad, at a glance.
As for the machine tool as the mother machine of the equipment industry, in the past few years, under the special support of the State 04, Huaji, Guangju, Guangyang, Gaojing, Weihong and other enterprises have already produced the high-medium and low-grade CNC systems. In terms of performance, the basics Can meet the requirements, but in quality, reliability, cost-effective, after-sales service, etc. still need to improve, especially the brand awareness is not high among users, high-end CNC machine tools in the market share only increased to 5%. The author believes that the level, reliability and performance of the machine tool body are worse than those of the CNC machine. Most of them are stuck in the sample and prototype stage. Although many foreign or overseas functional components have been used, there is still no significant improvement. I don’t know why. Probably the lack of a group of artisans and skilled workers, coupled with extensive management, lack of fine production concepts, etc., our smart manufacturing can not be based on foreign CNC machine tools! The control principle of CNC machine tools and robots is basically the same, and there may be some differences in the algorithm, such as Huazhong CNC, Guangyang CNC, etc., a CNC system, because of the multi-channel and other functions, it can control the machine tool, but also control the robot at the same time, such as Siemens. Same as 840Dsl.
Let's talk about other equipment! Many casting, forging, welding, and surface treatment equipments have been computer, PLC, computing boards or embedded chips, and bus transmission information technology. The "three transformations" and management "three transformations" of these equipments have gradually changed. It is easy. For example, Beijing Times Group can provide a complete set of automation and information technology welding machine and workshop information management system, and remote visual monitoring. Special attention should be paid to standardized interfaces and interconnection with other equipment or information management systems. Interoperability.
Not long ago, the author visited Dalian's Grob machine tool factory in Dalian. It was processed by Ford's 2.00 liter (approx.) cast aluminum cylinder. The steel sleeve was cast in the die-casting cylinder, which greatly reduced the machining process and finished the steel sleeve. With CBN tools, the beat is about 4~5 minutes. The whole control unit is Siemens 840Dsl. After the second development of Grob, Ford provides a network interface compatible with the entire Ford factory, so Grob's network interface must be compatible with Ford network. This can also be said that the network and communication protocols have been customized! The production line is very convenient to connect with the entire Ford information network in the place of use!
In short, at present, China's manufacturing industry is in the stage of digitization and networking, and digitalization is the basis of network and intelligence. Therefore, the author believes that “digital equipment industry” is the most urgent issue, just like “digital economy”. Realize interconnection, or further develop artificial intelligence and intelligent manufacturing.
Finally, the author also has a revelation, such as Changshu switch, Xiamen Hongfa and other companies, according to their own process requirements, design and manufacture their own special automation equipment and production line with "three-way" control function. The 12-small enameled wire winding machine designed and manufactured by Xiamen Hongfa has reached the international level and is sold at home and abroad in addition to its own use. For example, Shandong Wendeng Tianrun Crankshaft Co., Ltd. and Binzhou Bohai Piston Co., Ltd. all have their own CNC special machine tool production bases, because the functional components can be purchased in the domestic and foreign markets, and more are attached to the crankshaft. The manufacturing technology of the piston, CNC special machine not only meets the needs of the enterprise, but also can be used by domestic and foreign markets. Another example is Shandong Lingong's progress in information management. A “three-in-one” team has developed an AGV car, which has its own characteristics and costs only 100,000 yuan. Now the factory has used more than 150 sets of large AGV cars. It can load 1~2 tons of workpiece weight. To this end, a company has been set up for production, which can be sold externally, and a logistics plan can be developed for users.
The "three-oriented" of the equipment industry is in the ascendant. The key is the interconnection and remote standardization interface. It is very important to have software compatibility. It needs relevant departments to study and solve.
These revelations are personal experiences. Because the author's level of knowledge is very low, there are certainly many mistakes. I hope that the experts in the industry will correct me.
(In the process of the formation of this paper, the director of the Institute of Mechanical Industry Instrumentation and Comprehensive Technology Economics, Ouyang Jinsong, deputy director Shi Zhenshan, and deputy director Wang Linyu put forward very good suggestions, and I would like to express my heartfelt thanks.)

Ear-loop Flat Mask Machines

The earband mask machine automatically welds the elastic bands to both sides of the mask body with ultrasonic waves, and then completes the fully automated machine for the finished earband mask. Only one operator is required to place the mask body piece by piece on the conveyor belt jig, and the rest of the subsequent actions are automatically operated by the machine.
The main type of ear mask machine with Chinese name is single-head mask ear-band welding machine. The design is small and flexible, and the operation is simple and convenient. Flat masks, inner ear straps/outer ear straps are used.
There are mainly the following types:
Single head mask ear strap welding machine
The single-head mask earband welding machine is compact and flexible in design, simple and convenient to operate; it saves time and labor. It can be used for welding flat masks, inner ear straps/outer ear straps, cup-shaped masks, duckbill-shaped and other special-shaped mask ear straps.

Dust Mask Machine,3D Mask Machine,Automatic Mask Machine,Ear-Loop Mask Machine

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