Nickel in industrial applications

In nature, the most important nickel red nickel (nickel arsenic) and nickel glance (sulfur nickel arsenide).

For the manufacture of a large number of nickel alloy. By adding nickel to the steel, the mechanical strength can be improved. If the nickel content in the steel increases from 2.94% to 7.04%, the tensile strength increases from 52.2 kg/mm2 to 72.8 kg/mm3. Nickel steel is used to make parts that are subjected to large pressures, shocks and reciprocating loads, such as turbine blades, crankshafts, connecting rods, etc. Nickel steel containing 36% nickel and 0.3-0.5% carbon, its expansion coefficient is very small, almost no thermal expansion and contraction, used to manufacture a variety of precision machinery, precision gauges and so on. A high-nickel steel containing 46% nickel and 0.15% carbon is called " platinum- like" because its expansion coefficient is similar to that of platinum and glass. This high-nickel steel can be welded into glass. It is very important in the production of light bulbs and can be used as a substitute for platinum wire. Some precision lens frames are also made of this type of platinum steel, and the lens does not fall out of the frame due to thermal expansion and contraction. An alloy consisting of 67.5% nickel, 16% iron , 15% chromium , and 1.5% manganese has a large electrical resistance for the manufacture of various varistors and electric heaters.

Nickel is used in large quantities to make alloys. By adding nickel to the steel, the mechanical strength can be improved. Very fine nickel powder is often used as a catalyst in the chemical industry.

Titanium- nickel alloy has the ability of "memory" and has a strong memory. After a long period of time, it is accurate to repeat tens of millions of times. Its "memory" ability is to remember its original shape, so people call it "shape memory alloy." It turns out that this alloy has a characteristic transition temperature. Above the transition temperature, it has a structure, and under the transition temperature, it has another structure. The structure is different and the performance is different. For example, a titanium-nickel memory alloy is very hard and strong when it is above the transition temperature, and below this temperature it is very soft and easy to cold work. Thus, when we need it to remember what shape, we make it that shape, this is its "permanent memory" shape, below the transition temperature, because it is very soft, we can make it to a considerable extent Its arbitrary deformation. And when you need it to return to its original shape, just heat it above the transition temperature.

Nickel is magnetic and can be attracted by magnets. And alloy of aluminum, cobalt and nickel was stronger magnetic. When this alloy is attracted by an electromagnet, not only will it be sucked by itself, but it will hang sixty times more than it, and it will not fall. In this way, it can be used to manufacture electromagnetic cranes.

The salts of nickel are mostly green. Nickel hydroxide is brownish black, and nickel oxide is grayish black. Nickel oxide is commonly used to make iron-nickel alkaline batteries.

The divalent nickel ion is commonly identified by dimethylglyoxime. In the ammonia solution, nickel ion (Ni2+) and dimethylglyoxime form a bright red precipitate (Ni(dmgH)2).

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