Antonio Baker (Niobec) Company owned St. Huo Nuolei niobium mine in Quebec City, northeast Xikutimi 11 kilometers St. Huo Nuolei village. A monocarbonate antimony deposit. The ore contains niobium (Nb 2 O 5 ) from 0.58% to 0.66%. Niobium is mainly mineral pyrochlore, niobium iron ore, grain particles less than 0.2 mm. Gangue minerals are mainly calcite, white mica. The mine is one of the world's major production bases for tantalum raw materials.
Beneficiation plant scale of 2,085 tons / day. Two-stage flotation process of grinding (FIG. 1), the whole process is divided desliming flotation carbonate, then desliming, magnetic separation, flotation pyrochlore, pyrite flotation, pyrochlore concentrate leaching and dephosphorization Leaching slag floats eight parts of sulfur. The ore is first crushed to -20 mm by Alice Chalmers (AC) cone crusher , and the Harding 2.4×3.75 m rod mill is ground to 0.4 mm, and the first DSM arc is screened (screen 0.4 Millimeter), the material under the sieve is fed into the second DSM curved screen (0.2 mm), and the material of the first and second sieves is fed into a 3.2×3.8 m ball mill by a spiral classifier with a grinding particle size of 95%- 0.2 mm, with DSM curved screen constitutes a closed circuit. The second arcuate sieve material under DSM (-0.2 mm) into a set of φ254 mm Krebs cyclone, the ore concentration of 18%, a pressure of 1.2 to 1.3 kg / cm 2. The cyclone overflows into another set of φ102 mm Krebs cyclones (pressure 1.8 kg/cm 2 ) and removes -10 μm fine mud. The two-stage cyclone maintains the stability of the ore by means of a return overflow circulation. The underflow of the cyclone (concentration is about 55%), and the +40 micron material is sent to the coarse grade carbonate flotation circuit. The -40 to +10 micron material is sent to a fine grade carbonate flotation circuit.

Figure 1 Niobek Yellow Chlorite Concentrator Process
Carbonate flotation
Emulsified fatty acid is used as collector , sodium silicate is used as inhibitor and softener of pyrochlorite, and 25%-30% of carbonate is floated under the condition of natural pH of about 8, wherein the lost yellow chlorite accounts for 2% of total 5%. The tailings of the two carbonate flotation sections were removed from the -10 micron fine mud by two sets of cyclones φ254 mm and φ100 mm, and the hard water was replaced by high-quality drinking water, so that the total salt content was greatly reduced. The cyclone grit is selected from two series of drum-shaped Eriez magnetic separators to select magnetite. Non-magnetic materials are sent to the glaucon flotation section for treatment.
Chlorophyll flotation
The non-magnetic material is flocculated with oxalic acid, fluorosilicic acid and emulsified fatty diamine acetate under conditions of pH 6.8 to 7.5. After five times of selection, the limestone coarse concentrate was added with oxalic acid and fluorosilicic acid to adjust the pH value of the slurry. The pH of the selected one to five times was 5.5, 4.5, 3.5, 3.0, and 2.7. The average enrichment ratio is 1.9 times each time. The concentrate contains Nb 2 O 5 45% to 50%, and also contains some pyrite, carbonate, apatite and other minerals. The recovery rate is generally 80%. Desulfurization and dephosphorization are required to obtain the product. Chlorite concentrate.
Pyrite flotation
The foam product of the Chlorophyll flotation circuit is adjusted with NaOH to adjust the pH of the slurry to 11, the cassava starch is added to inhibit the yellow chlorite, and the potassium pentyl sulphate is floated to the pyrite. After a rough selection and secondary selection, 95% of the yellow iron can be obtained. The mine floated out. The product in the tank (the pyrite concentrate contains less than 0.1% sulfur) is sent to the leaching operation for further processing.
Leaching
The product in the flotation tank of the pyrite is fed into the 3.657-meter concentrator for concentration. The concentrator sand (concentration: 55%) is sent to the 1524×2438 mm leaching tank, and HCl (1.816 kg/ton) is added for leaching to make part of the ash. The stone dissolves. The leaching residue is sent to another concentrator to remove the solution and washed with a small amount of fresh water. The grit is given to the leaching tank of the second leaching operation, and 227 g/ton of HCl is added, and the pH is 0.5. After two consecutive leaching, the phosphorus content can be reduced to less than 0.1%. The leaching slag is sent to the second section of the pyrite flotation process.
Leaching slag
The leaching slag is fed into the filter, the filter cake is sent to the agitation tank for slurry adjustment, CuSO 4 is added to activate a small amount of remaining sulfide, and the pH is adjusted to 10.5 by adding NaOH, and the sulfide is floated by the addition of xanthate (PAX). The product in the tank (vitite final concentrate) contains Nb 2 O 5 60% to 62%, S0.1%, P 2 O 5 0.07%, and SiO 2 2.02%. This process is very effective in treating carbonate glauconite ore and has obtained a US patent.

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