Near-infrared spectrometer in "Tiangong I"

Near-infrared spectroscopy is the use of lasers to "photograph" molecules for molecular recognition. Because of its wide application area, it has become a cutting-edge subject for military and civilian research in various countries. In China, a group of innovative scientists used this technology to solve the problem of harmful gas detection in orbital spacecraft. It also took “controlling” lasers to eliminate harmful substances as the latest scientific research project, enabling China to reach world advanced level in the field of autonomous laser control. . Liu Weiwei of the Institute of Modern Optics at Nankai University is the leader of this group of scientists.

Spectrometer moved into space capsule Astronaut life safety is more secure

At 21:16:30 on September 29, 2011, China's first target aircraft and space laboratory, Tiangong No. 1, was launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The aircraft consists of experimental and resource cabins. Fiber-optic near-infrared spectrometers are here.

"It can detect the air components in on-orbit spacecraft at any time, obtain test results on the spot, and ensure that the astronauts can safely move and launch space science missions." When he saw Liu Weiwei, he was coming out of the laboratory, although for the first time. There was not much to meet, but as soon as we talked about the scientific research results of ourselves and the entire project team, Liu Weiwei immediately opened the door.

"One of the most important indicators of manned space flight is to ensure the astronauts' cabin safety. The detection of harmful gases is extremely critical. How to detect harmful gases in a timely manner has also been a problem for the international space community." Liu Weiwei's team developed "all-fiber The principle of the near-infrared spectrometer is to use optical means to distinguish and analyze various components of the air in the space capsule and detect harmful gases in time.

Why does the capsule generate harmful gases? The original Tiangong-1 solar cell wing, all the equipment of the power subsystem, and six control moment gyroscopes in the navigation and guidance system are in the resource compartment, including the aircraft. fuel. “The wire sheath material of the equipment is heated. Leakage of power fuels, refrigerants, etc. will cause the harmful gases in the cabin to increase.” Liu Weiwei told the Northern New Media reporter that “Tiangong 1” is also a confined space. If there are harmful gases in the cabin, If it cannot be discovered in time, it may directly threaten the life safety of the people in the cabin and the consequences would be disastrous."

“The traditional method is to sample and test the air regularly. It usually takes hours or even days to get the result. However, the air is changing at any time. After a few hours, the composition may be different.” Liu Weiwei continued the introduction. The spectral analysis method can control the laser remotely, without the need to enter the on-site sampling, and can also get the test results on the spot. “If you really find harmful gases, astronauts can also get information at the first time, and separate them from the resource compartment in a timely manner. This is more traditional than traditional methods. The atmospheric sampling is more timely and accurate, and it also better protects astronauts in the cabin."