Independent Innovation of Car Enterprises Relies on the Advantages of National System

In 2010, the production and sales of Chinese automobiles have reached more than 18 million, of which 13.8971 million passenger cars have been produced and sold 13.7358 million vehicles. However, when we peel off the outerwear of the world's largest production and marketing country, how many brands can we take out? What is the real face of the Chinese auto industry before people?

Beijing is the city with the largest number of passenger cars in China. When you come to the streets and take a look at the rolling traffic that fills the streets, you will find that in these colorful and uniquely shaped traffic streams, the United States, Europe, Japan, and South Korea Passenger cars accounted for 80% or more, Chery, Geely, Changan, BYD and other independent brands are rare, even more embarrassing is that these self-owned brand cars are almost all concentrated in the 10 million low-end models It is called "low-grade, low-level, low-priced" "three low" products. Objectively speaking, China's auto industry is at the low end of the global automobile industry value chain, and its products lack international competitiveness; its independent development capabilities and component R&D capabilities are weak; core technologies and markets are dominated by multinational corporations; Low; lack of automotive professionals; bad market conditions for the development of the automotive industry, prince economy and foreign groups jointly affect the layout of the domestic auto industry, artificially divided automotive market. These are all problems facing the booming Chinese auto industry.

The automobile industry is an important pillar industry of the country. It is extremely important to improve the independent innovation capability of the automotive industry, to master core technologies with independent intellectual property rights through independent innovation, to create their own well-known brands, to establish innovative countries and to improve the international competitiveness of the automotive industry. Strategic significance.

The reference time for independent innovation in automobile industry is not short. Chery, BYD, and other companies are also striving to explore innovation. However, from an overall perspective, the independent innovation effect of Chinese auto companies is minimal. Why is auto industry innovation so difficult?

Looking back at the history of China's auto industry for decades, we have to admit that it is a difficult and unacceptable fact that China's auto industry system was established with the support and help of foreigners. In the past few decades, the government and the enterprises have emphasized production only because they can meet the needs of building automobiles. They have not worked hard to create independent innovation. This problem can be explained by the organization and personnel structure of auto companies and the proportion of funds used and allocated. Without input, how come? Innovation also requires a social atmosphere. In 1903, the Wright Brothers invented the aircraft. After the flight was successful, New York City welcomed everyone. The U.S. government immediately supported production from the financial and policy perspectives, demonstrating the degree of social recognition of innovators. The industrial revolution in the United Kingdom and the rise of the United States in the early stages of the last century saw the fundamental impetus for technological innovation.

Innovation can't come out of nowhere. It needs a broad and solid national economic system and government-related policies to support it. Looking back at the reality of the development of China’s auto industry, we can think that the innovative national economic system and social atmosphere have not yet been fully established.

The automobile industry is based on various modern basic industries such as electricity, steel, petroleum, chemical engineering, machinery, electronics, etc. Without these basic industrial systems, the development of a modern automotive industry is a passive water, with no roots.

At the beginning of the liberation, Mao Zedong exclaimed: What else can we create besides being able to grind flour and make tables, chairs, teapots, teapots and matches?

After the liberation, with the help of foreigners (the former Soviet Union), we began to establish our own basic industrial system. The construction of 156 industrial projects enabled us to finally establish our own foundation for heavy chemical industry. On this basis, China’s The automotive industry began to take off. After hard work, we learned to use foreign technology to learn. We created Jiefang, Dongfeng, Hongqi and Beijing Jeep. However, because we did not master the core technology, these products are based on the basis of imitation. In the past, the level of technology has lagged far behind the international level. In the decades of reform and opening up, international auto giants have entered China. Major automakers in the world have partners in China. Through joint ventures and cooperation, China's auto industry has developed rapidly. Automobile production and sales have leapt to the top in the world, but we still only act as OEM workers. Did not master the core technology of design innovation.

According to statistics, the proportion of foreign-funded enterprises in the production of key components such as automotive EFI systems, engine management systems, ABS, micro-motors, and airbags is 100%, 100%, 91%, 97%, and 69%, respectively. 78% of the automatic transmissions required for high-end and mid-range vehicles are imported products. The core technologies of automotive electronic control products are almost monopolized by multinational corporations. Among them, automotive electronic control products with high technological content and high added value are mostly provided by foreign original supporting manufacturers. In 2010, Japan exported components to China, and electronic control products accounted for exports. With 66% of the total parts and components, this issue has been fully explained by the disruption caused by the disruption of the supply chain of many automobile companies in China following the earthquake in Japan.

The automobile industry is a great achievement in the development of modern industry. A car's body concentrates almost all the achievements of modern industrial development. The automobile industry can develop to its present level and it is based on continuous invention and innovation. For example, the invention of the steam engine promoted the birth of the automobile; the invention of the internal combustion engine promoted the large-scale production of the automobile and became an indispensable tool for social development; the invention of the electronic technology made the automobile faster, safer, and more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. For the sake of intelligence, more in line with the characteristics of human nature, the development of materials science makes the materials for manufacturing automobiles increasingly lighter and more and more powerful. The current new energy trend is bound to lead the development of automobiles to a new and higher stage of development. These vividly illustrate that the impact of innovation on the automotive industry is revolutionary.

If the figure of the car is likened to an integer number of 100, then all these innovations are a single "1". Only the sum of these "1"s can have a complete "100". Such as steel, a car needs 80% of its own weight of steel, the use of different parts, the thickness of the steel, strength, material requirements are different. This requires a corresponding production and R&D system to meet the requirements of the continuous development of materials for automotive development. With the development of the times, more and more modern technology products are equipped on automobiles, and more and more technological innovations are needed. For example, electronic technology promotes skid prevention, anti-lock braking, navigation, advanced audio, video, and so on. Air conditioning, speed, fuel optimization and more. The innovation of the engine brought high-pressure common rail, turbocharged, overhead variable valves and so on. All these "1" R&D and innovations require specialized R&D personnel, all require specialized theoretical knowledge systems, all require huge investments, all require thousands of trials, and continue to develop.

In addition to the backwardness of the automobile's own innovation technology, the research and innovation of China's basic materials industry also has a large gap. China is the world’s largest steel producer, but the special steels required for automobiles, aircraft, and warships cannot be produced on their own, and they lack the innovative mechanisms for the development of new types of special materials. For example, the double-sided galvanized sheet required for stamping a car body has extremely high technical requirements for the ductility of the steel sheet, the thickness of the galvanized layer, the width of the steel sheet, and the corrosion resistance of the steel sheet in harsh environments. China’s iron and steel industry is lagging behind in its production technology and production equipment, and cannot produce such high-quality sheet. As a result, it has to import for a long time. Afterwards, Wuhan Iron and Steel and Baosteel made great efforts to import advanced rolling equipment at a high price, and it was considered as a partial solution to the problem. However, there was still a gap between the product's technical indicators and foreign advanced products. Because of the backwardness of the material, an engine of the same horsepower, our self-made weight must greatly exceed that of the foreign, and self-importance leads to an increase in engine fuel consumption. Similar examples are too numerous to mention. In the “100” of China, there are many “1” behind the developed countries. This is the basis for innovation.

The gap in basic theoretical innovation is even greater. Fundamental theoretic innovation is the basis of all innovations and it is a major issue to solve "why". China's engine production and development bottleneck has not been able to break through. Aircraft, ships, and automobiles have always suffered from "cardiac diseases." China's special materials research is always jammed. This is the reason. In contrast, Japan has now reached the stage of material life in the study of special materials, that is, the various materials used in this vehicle are about 20 years of life, and all test indicators are fully qualified during the life span, but once the design life is reached Almost all material indicators have rapidly decayed and the car must be scrapped. This ensures that the user must buy a new car. Innovation saves raw materials while ensuring that its commercial interests continue.

The greatest feature of technological innovation is originality and inheritance. Innovation does not come out of thin air, but it progresses with the deepening of understanding of things. For example, when the car was first invented, only an engine was installed on the frame. When people felt fast, it was hard to tolerate the noise of the engine explosion. Then the muffler exhaust pipe was invented; the wheel and the body were rigidly connected. The vibration was great when driving and the ride was extremely uncomfortable, so people invented shock absorbers and inflated rubber tires; they couldn't see at night and added lights; the engine oil consumption was high, and they invented various carburetor and fuel economy. Device. How the cooperation of engines, chassis, transmission, steering, frame, and bodywork is the safest, most scientific, and the most efficient is based on observations, reflections, summaries, tests, and failures one after another. Today's sense of the car. To disassemble a car and pick up a variety of components with various shapes and designs, the first thing to ask is how does it look like this? Why does it grow like this? The answer is simple. This is the result of continuous innovation and development. This is the result of deepening understanding. There is a persuasive example. China’s aviation industry was established with the help of the former Soviet Union. After the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, the Soviet Union severed all technical assistance to China and was forced to impersonate people’s products. The imitation is like drawing a gourd. If you are round, I will draw a circle. If you are a square, I will paint the square. You have a hole here, and I'll make a hole here in the original size. When mapping the aircraft fuselage frame, engineers and technicians found that a hole was empty and useless. There is no use, why should we fight this hole? I don't understand what this hole is for, but I don't know if it can be saved. The grassroots engineers and technicians dare not to arbitrarily decide, so they report at each level, and the information is reflected at each level. Some senior engineering and technical personnel also analyze it. According to their own scientific knowledge, some believe that it is a "counterweight," which guarantees the balance of the aircraft. While reducing the weight of a certain place; some think that it is reserved for the installation hole, and discussion has not been conclusive for a long time. The plane is to go to heaven and safety is the first element. When mimicking an aircraft, this must also be followed. In the absence of clarity, no changes are allowed. So he decided to make a hole here as it is. On the Chinese drawings, there is also a hole of the same size. For many years, this hole has continued. Many years later, the Sino-Soviet relations were thawed. Once, when the original Soviet aircraft designer visited China and the two parties chatted, the Chinese technicians raised the matter. The designer replied: "This hole is a waste hole and has no effect. It was caused by the misoperation of the mechanical operators at that time. ”

After listening to him, the Chinese personnel suddenly became silent. This story can realize a lot of reasons. One of the most important one is that innovation and innovation must go through the whole process from beginning to end, and it needs to be gradual and progressive. Indirectly passing people's products, do not understand why it is, innovation will lose its foundation. Because of the lack of original innovation and lack of technical reserves, we have always been unable to grasp the core technology of product upgrading, we can only buy and enjoy the products of others, become the capital provider of people's innovative technology and product sales, continue to buy, and constantly lag behind. The current situation is thought-provoking. It is in this sense that independent innovation has a long way to go, and it needs to start from scratch, and some must even start with basic research. We must understand the introduction of technology and know exactly why.

The shortage of funds is a major obstacle to innovation. The research and development process requires a lot of investment in any product from designing to testing to improving stereotypes to mass production. A car has three core components: the body, the engine, and the transmission. There are nearly a hundred key assemblies and tens of thousands of components. Each component requires extremely high capital investment just from the mold. After Shanghai Santana was put into operation, quality problems occurred in the use of door handles. Both Premier Li Peng and ordinary users questioned this. SAIC decided to improve. After the improvement was successful, SAIC Chairman Lu Ji'an stated that it only cost more than one billion yuan to improve the mold of the door handle and related molds. People in the automotive industry know that mold and gold are important. The development of molds can not be separated from CNC coordinate measuring machines, CNC three-axis high-precision milling, boring and other precision equipment and instruments, which all means high investment. To solve the three core components such as the body, the engine, the transmission, and the automotive electronics, it is not enough for each company to invest itself.

The key to independent innovation is talented people. There are no people with innovative thinking. All innovations are mirrored. Look at our education and human resources system. How far is there from the training of innovative talents?

China’s “two bullets and one star” and the military aviation industry have all developed under the tight seal of foreign countries. The aviation and astronautics people have independently innovated in the absence of any technology to sell, and they have come out with the United States and Russia. Competing high-tech products will leave behind such powerful countries as Japan and Europe. Today, the country's dignity and safety depend on their products. Compared with the spirit of independent innovation of aerospace people, what do we think of automakers?

The automobile industry is an important strategic pillar industry of the country. To establish its own automobile industry that is not subject to human beings, we can learn to absorb and digest foreign advanced technologies. However, we must fundamentally solve problems and rely only on independent innovation. In the face of numerous difficulties, we can draw on the experience of the country’s research and development “two bombs and one star” to bring into play the advantages of the national system, rely on the national strength, and establish a mold, engine, and transmission development center in which the state-controlled company participates, and achieve national leadership. The investment innovation system ultimately benefits anyone who invests and who benefits.

Independent innovation requires a complete national economic system and scientific research and innovation institutional system. It requires a large number of innovative and talented teams that are united and cooperative, hard-working, and creative. They need whimsical and innovative thinking, require huge amounts of innovative capital, and require obscure research. The need to withstand the defeat of failure requires persevering and innovative will, the need to establish a complete national innovation system, the need for national innovation policy support, and the need for society to understand and tolerate innovation. With quick success and instant benefits, they cleverly take advantage of it, speculate on the camp, and only books are the natural enemies of innovation.

Independent innovation is the origin of human progress. It is the driving force for the development of a country. It is the key to improving the competitiveness of China's economy and China's automobile industry. It is the only way to move from a large automobile country to a powerful automobile country. It is also the highest spiritual realm of the Chinese nation’s independence and self-reliance.

Independent innovation is a process of arduous and difficult exploration. There is no way in the world and many people have gone. The same is true of innovation.