First, the characteristics of phytotoxic lesions and physiological lesions (1) spots: mainly occurs in the leaves of crops, drug spots have brown spots, macular, dead spots, net spots and so on. The main difference between spot and physiologic disease spot is that the former is often distributed on the plant with no regularity, while the latter is generally common, the site of the symptoms of the plant is more consistent; the difference between the drug spot and the fungal disease is the former spot size, shape change While the latter has an onset center, the spot shape is more consistent. (2) Huanghua: It is expressed in the stem and leaf parts of the plant and occurs more often in leaves. The yellowing caused by drug injury compared with the lack of nutrient yellowing, the former often develop from yellow leaves to dead leaves, the performance of the whole field is light and heavy, the latter is often the performance of the whole field yellow seedling consistency. Compared with the virus-induced yellowing, the latter yellow leaves often appear broken green, and the diseased strains exhibit systemic symptoms, which are mixed with the diseased plants in the field. (3) Malformation: manifested in the stems and leaves of crops, common deformities include leaf curling, clumping, root swelling, malformed ear, and deformed fruit. (4) Wither: Most of these diseases are caused by improper use of herbicides. There was no episode of disease withering and the process was slower. It was yellowed first and then died. There was no browning at the base of rhizomes. (5) Stopping growth: The performance of the plant is slow. Generally, herbicides inhibit the growth of phytotoxicity. (6) Infertility: Improper use of drugs during the growing season of crops can cause infertility. (7) Shedding: manifested in fruit trees and some dicotyledonous plants with defoliation, falling flowers, and fruit drop symptoms. (8) Inferior fruit: The main manifestation is that the fruit's volume of the plant is getting smaller, the performance of the fruit is abnormal, the quality is deteriorated, and the food and economic value are affected.

Second, the distinction between acute injury and chronic injury (1) acute injury: acute injury refers to the symptoms manifested within 10 days after application. Generally occur faster, the symptoms are obvious, mostly manifested as spots, chlorosis, burns, withering, falling, falling fruit, leaf rolling, malformation, young organizations such as coke. (2) Chronic phytotoxicity: Symptoms of phytotoxicity do not occur until dozens of days after application, and the symptoms are not obvious, mainly affecting the physiological activities of the crop, such as yellowing, slow growth, malformation, small fruit, and inferior fruit.

Third, remedial measures (1) a large amount of water or alkaline aqueous leaching wash: For the discovery of the earlier phytotoxicity, can quickly spray a large number of fresh water affected by the crop leaves, as far as possible to wash away the plant surface, in addition Due to the fact that most pesticides encounter alkaline substances are relatively easy to reduce the effect, can be added in the spray of clear water 0.2% baking soda solution or 0.5-1% lime water, rinse or flush, in order to speed up the decomposition of the drug. At the same time, due to the large amount of water leaching, the crop absorbs more water and increases the water content in the crop cells, which can have a certain dilution effect on the concentration of the pesticide in the crop, and can also play a role in mitigating the damage to a certain degree. . (2) Rapidly catching fast-acting fertilizers: In the crops where pesticides occur, the fast-growing fertilizers, such as urea, are quickly topped up to increase nutrients, enhance the vitality of crops, promote early-onset hair growth, and accelerate the recovery of crops. This is a relatively light-weight seed bud and seedling. The effect is obvious. (3)
Spraying Drugs to Relieve Harmfulness: Spray agents that can relieve phytotoxicity by spraying on agents that cause phytotoxicity. If crops are harmed by omethoate, 0.2% borax solution can be sprayed on crops; phytotoxicity caused by copper sulphate or Bordeaux mixture can be sprayed with 0.5% lime water. (4) Removal of areas with severe phytotoxicity: This measure is often used on fruit trees. For example, in fruit trees, methods such as perfusion, injection, and bandaging are used, and insecticides with strong systemic absorption are used. If phytotoxicity occurs due to high application concentration, the branches that are heavily damaged should be quickly removed to prevent the drug from continuing. Conduction and penetration. At the same time, it should be quickly filled with water to prevent further damage to the phytotoxicity.

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