Type gold deposits of sand

1 The gold deposits are widely distributed and have a wide variety. According to the distance of their transportation, they can be divided into the following five types.

a. Residual sand gold deposit. Residual sand gold deposit is the product of physical weathering and chemical weathering of rock gold deposit or mineralization zone. Residual material. The rock composition of residual material varies from place to place, almost all of which are primary ore and surrounding rock. Therefore, slate , phyllite, metamorphic sandstone and gangue are the most common. Placer non-abraded, some iron-coated film to the surface electrode. NATURAL common with the living body of gold and gangue. Residual gold deposits are often a direct sign of the discovery of primary gold deposits. The oxidized zone of gold-bearing sulphide deposits should be considered as a sub-class of residual gold. If the residual sand gold is displaced, it will transition to the slope sand gold mine.

b. Slope sand gold mine. The Slope Sand Gold Mine is a “sand-mountain gold” where gold-bearing deposits are washed by rain and gravity, and stopped on hillsides and mountains. Near the primary source, the debris deposits of the gold deposits formed and have been displaced. The sand gold is slightly abraded, and the common gold and gangue minerals are connected. Such deposits are generally low in color and small in size and suitable for small mining. The front edge of the slope sand gold deposit has transitioned to the flooded gold deposit.

C. Hongji sand gold mine. The Hongji gold deposit is produced in the accumulation of hydrocarbons formed by intermittent water flow. Due to the periodicity of the water flow, the gold and other detrital materials are poorly sorted and rounded, and a gold-rich lens body and interlayer are often formed.

d. Alluvial gold deposits. Alluvial gold deposits are produced in river valley alluvial deposits. The degree of rounding of the alluvial material is high, the gold particles are well separated from the gangue, the surface of the gold is smooth, and occasionally an iron film remains on the concave surface. The composition of the alluvial complex is complex, and the gold deposit is mostly distributed in the lower part of the alluvial material near the top surface of the rock. This type of gold deposit is the main target of exploration in China.

e. Coastal (lake) shore sand gold mine. The coastal gold (gold) shore gold deposit is produced on the shore of the sea and the lake. It is a gold-rich belt formed by the gold-bearing debris of the river or the original ore of the shore to capture the shore waves and the shore water flow. Detrital deposits often form parallel narrow strips of coastal sand dunes, such as the Dengshahe sand gold deposit in Jin County, Liaoning.

Among the above five types, alluvial gold deposits are the most common.

2 In addition, according to the nature of its handling capacity, gold deposits can be divided into: aeolian gold deposits, ice-forming sand gold deposits, and water-forming sand gold mines.

3 According to the geomorphic parts and output conditions of the products, the gold deposits can be divided into the following five types.

a. River bed (valley) gold deposit. The river bed (valley) gold deposit is a gold deposit produced on riverbeds, rivers and shoals of modern rivers.

b. River floodplain gold mine. The floodplain gold deposit is a gold deposit produced on the floodplain. This type of gold deposit is the most widely distributed, mostly large and medium-sized deposits. Such gold deposits are found in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shaanxi, and Sichuan.

C. Terraced gold deposits. The terrace gold deposit is a gold deposit produced on the terrace of the valley. Most of them are the remaining parts of the original floodplain gold deposits that were eroded and damaged. The size of such deposits is large and small. For example, there are many types of gold deposits in this type in the northwestern part of Jiangxi Province (such as Xiushui County).

d. Zhigu sand gold mine. The Zhigu gold deposit is a gold deposit produced on the top of a ditch slope with fine valleys, fine streams and intermittent water flows and valleys and flakes. This type of gold mine is a common large-grain gold with high grade and low water content. It is a good target for mining gold, but the scale is generally small.

e. Karst filling of gold deposits. The karst-filled gold deposit is a gold deposit produced in karst funnels and caves, such as the Guangzhou Bantang sand gold mine and the Hunan Longhui Baizhuping sand gold mine.

The thickness of the gold deposit is generally 50-300 m or more, and the length can be several kilometers or even tens of kilometers; it is generally composed of soft sandstone; the buried depth of the ore body is generally 1-5 m, and it is as deep as 20-30 m. Even deeper; the thickness of the gold-bearing ore layer is usually 1-5m, and the individual can reach lOm; the bottom or porphyrite of the gold deposit is mostly granite , shale , limestone.

In addition to gold, gold deposits also contain a variety of heavy minerals. Associated with gold heavy minerals are: magnetite, iron titanium, rutile, garnet, cristobalite wrong, hematite, chrome ore, cinnabar, wolframite, scheelite, cassiterite, corundum, diamond, amalgam, galena etc. the content of heavy mineral sands gold is generally not exceed 1--3kg / m3, the remainder being various particle sizes of gravel, pebbles, sand and clay. Clay is not good for fine-grained gold recovery and should be ruled out during the gold selection process.

Gold is mostly in the form of granules, flakes and branches in the gold deposits. The particle size of gold is generally 0.2-2mm, but there are also large pieces of gold (dog head gold) weighing up to several kilograms and powdered gold particles. The color of gold is generally 50%-90e 9 and the average density is 17.5'-18.0 g/c m3.

Due to these characteristics of the gold deposit, the gold deposit has the following selection characteristics compared with other ores.

The gold content of 1 gold mine is very low, generally 0.2-0.3g/m3, and the content of heavy minerals (S>4) is usually 1-3kg/cm3.

The maximum particle size of 2 gangue is often several thousand times larger than the minimum particle size of sand gold. That is to say, the grain size composition of sand gold ore is very wide. Before the selection, it is necessary to separate the gold-free gravel and gravel by classification work and reduce the mannequin. The volume of the stone.

3 Concentrate yield is very small, generally 0.0100 ^ 0.1%.

4 The dressing ratio is particularly high, up to a thousand times or even 10,000 times.

5 Re-election of coarse concentrates requires multiple complex selection processes to obtain gold and qualified heavy mineral concentrates.

6 For gold-plated ore deposits with strong drilling or permanent frozen layers, the breaking effect must be strengthened to increase the recovery rate of gold.

The determination of the gold sand selection process is mainly based on the nature of the ore and the selected equipment. The determination of the sand gold sorting equipment is determined according to the type of deposit, the ore reserve, the grain size composition of the ore, and the grade of the ore. The change in the gold selection process also depends mainly on the update of the main selection equipment. In recent years, due to the successful development of the main equipment such as the circular jig, the movable groove of the tape, the centrifugal disc sorting machine and the washing chute (Rose), it has laid a foundation for the continuous improvement, development and improvement of the sand gold sorting process. basis.

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