1 The road sweeper is a new generation of sanitation machinery products developed in recent years and welcomed by the market. It has been gradually introduced to the market since the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and has been favored by the majority of users. The cleaning sweeper combines the features of a high-pressure cleaning vehicle and a sweeping vehicle, and the sucker is used to recover all the washed sewage, thus avoiding the secondary pollution of the sewage after the high-pressure cleaning vehicle is operated. A new type of cleaning sweeper introduced in this paper incorporates a new design concept, which enables one-time sweeping, high pressure cleaning, garbage collection, and sewage collection to be performed in one operation. The effect of the operation is better than that of sweeping vehicles and cleaning vehicles; The new rotary cleaning plate equipped is particularly suitable for the cleaning of squares and pedestrian streets. The product has a novel structure and integrates a variety of functions, which can meet a variety of operational requirements of users (see 1). 2 vehicle layout and main component structure Cleaning sweeper mainly consists of chassis, front sweeper, clear water tank, dustbin and deputy clean water tank, side dish brush, suction cup, middle roll brush, rotating cleaning disk, fan power system, water system, hydraulic system and electrical system, etc. composition. When the vehicle is being cleaned, it can realize one-stop work such as sweeping and brushing, high-pressure water cleaning, garbage collection, and sewage collection. Road sweeper trucks were cleaned using the Tianjin Series IV Class IV chassis manufactured by Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles. The vehicle parameters are described as follows: Overall dimensions are 9.10 m×2.46 m×3.06 m, wheelbase is 5 m, minimum ground clearance is 200 mm, maximum total mass is 16 t, curb weight is 10.5 t, cleaning width is 2.40～ 2.85 m, cleaning width 2.85-4.2 m. The layout of the vehicle is as shown. 2.1 front disk The front-sweeping device adopts a separate round brush plate, which is fixed on the slideway in front of the cab by a connecting mechanism consisting of a connecting rod and an oil cylinder. The hydraulic motor drives the screw rod to realize the left and right sliding of the brush plate, and the hydraulic cylinder expands and controls the brush plate. Left and right swings. Therefore, the brush panel can be moved in the left-right direction of the vehicle along the chute on the front of the cab, and can be used for cleaning the stubborn dirt on the road surface, and can also clean the left side of the road (see 3). This effectively increases the width of the cleaning operation and improves the operating efficiency. Figure 2.2 Vehicle Body The vehicle body for cleaning the sweeper truck consists of a clean water tank, two auxiliary clean water tanks, a dustbin and a power cabin. The box is made of stainless steel and has good corrosion resistance and serviceability. 2.3 Suction and sweeping mechanism The cleaning and sweeping mechanism of the sweeping sweeper consists of two side disk brushes, a center roll brush and a suction cup. The unique curbstone sweeping mechanism composed of side disc brushes consists of two round discs to complete the sweeping operation, which can effectively clean the dead ends of the roadsides, increase the sweeping width, and improve the cleaning efficiency (see 4). A high-pressure cleaning spray bar is arranged on the rear side of the disc brush, the roller brush and the suction cup, and a high-pressure cleaning operation is performed on the cleaned floor surface to complete the cleaning, cleaning and waste water recycling operations of the road surface at one time (see 5). 2.4 rotating cleaning plate The rotary cleaning tray is a professional cleaning operation mechanism designed for large squares, pedestrian streets and other places. The rotating cleaning disc is designed and manufactured according to the principle of adjustable hydraulic high-pressure jet technology. The high-pressure jet rod is driven by hydraulic pressure to perform high-speed rotary motion. At the same time, the high-pressure water jet from the jet rod cleans the stain on the road surface and cleans it. The sewage generated by the work is sucked into the bin through the suction cup. The cleaning disk is mainly composed of a cleaning disk housing, a cleaning device, and a supporting device. The spray bar of the cleaning disc is driven by the hydraulic motor through the chain to make a rotary motion, the high-pressure water flows through the nozzle to clean the road surface, and the sewage after the cleaning operation is collected in the dust bin through the long suction cup behind the cleaning disc (). Cleaning disc is particularly suitable for the removal of stubborn stains on the road surface, such as chewing gum, barbecue food on the ground, such as oil stains; when the work surface is relatively clean, you can use only the suction cup rear high pressure spray bar cleaning, which greatly improves the cleaning The effectiveness and efficiency of the job. The cleaning disk housing is used to install the chain drive, rotating spray bar and other components. When the work is done, the housing and the ground form a sealed space to prevent the high-pressure water flow during work from flushing the mist generated from the ground. The nozzle of the cleaning device is mounted on a high-pressure rotary joint. The rotary joint passes through a chain transmission system and is powered by a hydraulic motor to rotate. After the high-pressure water flows through the rotary joint, it is diverted to the cleaning nozzle, and the nozzle sprays high-pressure water to clean the road surface. Supporting devices are used to install hydraulic, chain drive systems and rotary joints and other devices. When the cleaning disc is rotated, the cleaning disc first flushes the road surface with high pressure to separate the pavement stains from the road surface. When the truck is traveling forward, the sewage flows to the rear side of the cleaning tray and is collected by the long wash pan at the rear side of the cleaning tray. If the operating speed of the cleaning sweeper is set to 5 km/h, the cleaning disc has a profile of 2.4 m×0.8 m, the effective cleaning width of the boom is 0.7 m, the speed of the boom is 150 rad/min, and the number of booms is 4. The cleaning plate has an area of ​​5 000/60×2.4=200 m for every 2 minutes and a rotating area of ​​3.14×(0.7/2)×4×2150=230.8 m for the cleaning of the rotating bar. The cleaning efficiency of the cleaning plate is as follows. It is 230.8/200×100%=115.4%. The rotation speed of the boom driven by the hydraulic motor is adjustable. According to the road surface cleaning condition, the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning tray can be improved by adjusting the rotation speed. 2.5 Water System The most important thing for cleaning sweepers is the design of the waterway system. The design of the waterway is crucial to clean the environment and save water. The sweeper has two sets of waterway systems, the high pressure waterway system and the sweeping dust drainage system. The principle of the waterway system is shown in Fig. 7. 2.5.1 principle of high pressure water system The water in the water tank of the high-pressure water system must pass through the filter and enter the high-pressure water pump. The high-pressure water generated passes through the automatic unloading valve and enters the water diversion pipe. Then the high pressure water is controlled by the pneumatic control high-pressure ball valve to control the flow of water into each operation unit. In order to protect the high-pressure water pump, the filtering accuracy of the filter needs to be more than 120 meshes. The clean water tank is equipped with a low water level alarm device to protect the high-pressure water pump from working in the absence of water. In order to reach a better cleaning effect, a high-pressure plunger pump with high working pressure and constant output flow is selected. According to the actual operation effect, the pump flow rate can be selected to be 136 L/min and the working pressure is 11 MPa. 2.5.2 Clean Dust Drainage System The principle of sweeping dust-reducing waterway systems is the same as that of high-pressure waterways. As the cleaning operation requires less water and pressure, an electric diaphragm pump can be selected to complete the dust reduction operation. That is, using the minimum amount of water, the cleaning intensity can be maximized. Clean dust-removal operation pump flow is 12 L/min, working pressure 0.3 MPa. 2.6 Fan Power System The fan power system is the heart of cleaning sweepers: China II water-cooled diesel engine is selected, and the output power is 112 kW, and the speed can reach 2 300 rad/min. The noise and fuel consumption are very low; professional high-pressure and large-flow centrifugal fans, With a reasonable layout of the air duct, the cleaning and cleaning performance of the sweeper sweeper is maximized. 2.7 Hydraulic System The hydraulic () system for cleaning road sweepers consists mainly of fuel tanks, imported hydraulic gear pumps, special multi-way reversing valve groups, hydraulic cylinders, and cycloidal motors, etc. The open circuit is used to operate the control valves to achieve various actions. 2.8 Electrical System The electric system of the sweeper sweeper adopts imported PLC module, integrates multiple function modules, and the operation control is highly integrated, which minimizes the stress caused by the tedious operation information of the driving operator, and the operation is full of humanity. 3 Conclusion The product was successfully tested in December 2009. After a trial run on various road conditions, such as municipal streets and squares, the report was good.
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