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China's hydropower market is huge and has a bright future. According to national planning, it will reach 103 million kW in 2005, 150 million kW in 2010 and 220 million kW in 2020. At present, China's hydropower construction is the largest in the world, especially the construction and planning of a large number of large-scale hydropower stations such as Guangxi Longtan, which are attracting worldwide attention. The technical focus of large hydroelectric generating units will be in China.
Following the construction of 14 700 MW on the left bank of the Three Gorges and 7 700 MW mixed-flow hydroelectric generating units in Longtan, the three-year period from January to June in 2005, Wujiang Goupitan 5 sets of 600 trillion 6 sets of 550 MW of Daduhe Waterfall Ditch, 12 sets of 700 MW on the right bank of the Three Gorges, 6 sets of 700 MW of Minjiang Xiaowan, and 6 sets of 700 MW of 700 MW of the upper reaches of the Yellow River have been tendered. The large capacity and number of units that have been tendered in such a short period of time are unprecedented in the history of world hydropower construction. At the same time, the four cascade hydropower stations on the Jinsha River, with 52 units of 700 MW or more, and the total installed capacity of more than two Three Gorges power stations also opened the climax of the next large hydropower construction. In 2004, China took more than 100 million kilowatts of hydropower installed capacity and took the world's first position in the world's hydropower installation for many years.
The world's hydropower market is in China, and the technical focus of large hydroelectric generating units will be in China.
The Three Gorges Project is indispensable
The introduction of technology in the Three Gorges Project, the country's largest power project, has driven the technological advancement of China's large hydroelectric generating units. The large-scale hydropower equipment manufacturing backbone enterprises represented by Harbin Electric Machinery Co., Ltd. and Dongfang Electric Machinery Co., Ltd. have independently developed large-scale hydroelectric generating units such as Gezhouba, Liujiaxia, Yantan and Baishan. After the 1980s, through the cooperation with foreign countries, the introduction of key core technologies, the production of Yunnan Lubuge 150 MW (head up to 372m), Hunan Wuqiangxi 240 MW (runner diameter 8.3m), Qinghai Lijiaxia 400 MW Large-scale mixed-flow hydroelectric generating units such as Sichuan Ertan 550 MW have rapidly improved the domestic manufacturing level and moved closer to the international market. The subcontract manufacturing and comprehensive technology transfer on the left bank of the Three Gorges have further enhanced the ability of domestic enterprises to develop large-scale mixed-flow hydroelectric generating units. On the basis of introducing and digesting key technologies from abroad, through continuous innovation, the development of core technologies and the manufacture of key components have reached the same level in foreign countries, and they have the ability to independently develop.
The 14 units of the Three Gorges Left Bank were internationally tendered. Through the agreement, China dispatched special personnel to accept the introduction of 42 design analysis software including hydraulic design and testing, electromagnetic ventilation calculation, thrust bearing, structural rigidity, insulation, key processes and so on. After nearly 6 years of subcontracting manufacturing and technology introduction and digestion and absorption, China has mastered the design and runner manufacturing technology including the turbine model runner, the large hydro-generator cooling method, the main insulation technology of the large hydro-generator stator winding and Key technologies for the development of the Three Gorges turbines, such as the manufacture of stator bars. The subcontracted components fully meet the technical requirements of foreign companies and reach the same level abroad, which fully proves the manufacturing strength of domestic enterprises and the success of technology introduction. By the end of December 2003, the Three Gorges Power Plant successfully put into operation 6 units, generating a total of 8.62 billion kW•h, which alleviated the current contradiction of power supply. Once again, China has demonstrated the correctness of domestic enterprises' technological progress and key core technology development capability policies through cooperative production and technology introduction of large-scale projects.
The equipment manufacturing industry plays an important role in China's modernization drive, and the manufacturing and equipment technology level of power generation equipment is particularly critical to the development of the national economy. Domestic enterprises should make full use of this national policy advantage and current market opportunities, pay close attention to the market, increase scientific and technological development, improve product quality, and develop high-level equipment to better meet the needs of China's hydropower equipment industry.
World hydropower market in China